Question
通过我的第一个盐水水族馆设置帮助我的鱼类商店经销商告诉我，我需要给坦克有时间骑自行车，然后再放上任何鱼或珊瑚。截至目前，该坦克已经运行了大约一个月。这足以使它完全循环吗？添加Live Rock安全吗？我的孩子急切地想在那里看到一些小动物！- Josh P.提交。
Answer
Josh, I think you might be functioning under a classic misconception harbored by many a hobby newcomer—i.e., that cycling a new aquarium is simply a matter of setting up the tank and then waiting for some predetermined amount of time to pass before adding livestock.
While cycling takes time and is carried out by certain strains of bacteria, it’s not an entirely passive process from the hobbyist’s standpoint. In other words, you can let your tank run from now until there’s ice hockey in Hades, and it still won’t be suitable for supporting marine life unless you take certain steps to ensure appropriate conditions are present.
Remember, for cycling to occur (and, thus, for an aquarium system to have an adequate biological filter in place), the following elements must be present: colonies of aerobic nitrifying bacteria, oxygenated water, substrate for the bacteria to colonize, and a source of ammonia.
Nitrifying bacteria are ubiquitous and will find their way into the tank with no help from you, but the population can be jumpstarted in different ways, for example by adding live rock and/or live sand, borrowing filter media or some “seeded” substrate from an established system, adding one of the various proprietary nitrifying bacteria cultures, etc.
含氧水也非常容易提供 - 视频表面搅动和稳健的循环,protein skimming, plumbing the system so water flows vigorously down into a sump, and so forth.
就合适的底物而言，硝化细菌将在水箱中定居任何可用的表面，但是为了确保人口可以扩大以保持增长的生物加速（随着您逐渐引入牲畜），该储罐应以良好的含量为单位多孔岩石。A bed of sand or gravel will also promote the colonization of nitrifying bacteria (at least close to the surface of the bed), but not all hobbyists favor using this type of substrate and it’s certainly not essential to include one if you have adequate rockwork in the tank.
Last but certainly not least, no cycling can begin without ammonia. But please don’t add damsels or any other form of marine life in order to provide it. Instead, you can introduce ammonia by, for example, adding fish food to the tank and allowing it to decompose, dosing pure household ammonia, or, my much-preferred method,adding live rock. (So, in answer to part of your question, yes, it is safe to add live rock to your tank now.)
What does live rock have to do with ammonia? Well, any time you add live rock to a system—even pre-cured pieces—there is some degree of die-off of encrusting organisms that takes place. That die-off produces enough ammonia to kickstart the cycle—not to mention the rocks provide the perfect substrate for bacterial colonization and, in fact, come equipped with the nitrifying bacteria themselves. So three out of the four elements necessary for cycling are already present in live rock.
在解决氨的方法之后，您只需使用氨，亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐测试套件来监视循环过程。一旦氨和亚硝酸盐水平均匀并降至零，该系统可以被认为是循环的。在这一点上，您可以开始非常缓慢而渐进地添加牲畜。不要急于它，否则您会压倒脆弱的生物滤池，并引起致命的氨尖峰。准备大专业water changesif such is observed.
