Most marine aquarium hobbyists keep a close eye on their fish for certain tell-tale signs of ill health. And that’s a good thing, since quick intervention in the case of fish disease can often be the difference between life and death for the specimen(s). On the other hand, we do need to be cautious about overreacting to every suspicious visual or behavioral symptom because sometimes these warning signs may not be what they seem.
请记住，如果被误接受，鱼类的药物和治疗方案可能弊大于利。在进行治疗之前，对您的诊断具有相当高的信心很重要。这意味着您必须防止误解正常行为或忘记多个问题会导致类似的症状。
为了帮助说明这一点，这里有一些症状的取样，这些症状可能会或可能不会根据您的鱼类造成麻烦：
Flashing
如果您曾经经历过加密炎, no doubt the sight of a fish turning on its side and scraping its body on the rockwork causes your heart to skip a beat. And, indeed, flashing is a potentially worrisome symptom. However, this behavior doesn’t automatically signal the presence of a parasite or other problem. From time to time, many perfectly healthy fish will exhibit this behavior—what I can only assume to be the fishy equivalent of scratching an itch (though not necessarily scratching ich).
From my experience, this behavior is somewhat common among various wrasse species. The first time I noted it was in abird wrasse(Gomphosus varius），这几乎使我的头爆炸了，因为标本已经正确隔离了一个月，并且从未显示出任何疾病的迹象。幸运的是，这种行为从未加剧，否则，鱼看起来很健康和平静。我决定简单地观察标本，事实证明这是适当的过程，因为没有疾病实现。
Pitting on the head
Pitting or tissue loss on the face and head of a fish can be a sign thathead and lateral line erosion（HLLE）正在发展。但情况并非总是如此。有时，这种症状只是机械损伤，如果提供了适当的水状况，则可以在短时间内愈合。其他时候，它可能是该物种的自然特征。
例如，Pacific blue tang, aka the regal tang or palette surgeonfish (paracanthurus hepatus），自然会随着年龄的增长而形成类似雀斑的标记，并且很容易被误认为是HLLE的开始。当然，这里有一个复杂的因素：P. Hepatus同样，碰巧非常容易受到HLLE的影响，因此您必须仔细观察它们，并尽力辨别这些自然标记和更险恶的事物的开始。
白点或“增长”
有时，暗示诸如ICH或淋巴细胞的疾病的白斑或块状生长实际上是由粘液产生过多引起的 - 粘液要么诱捕碎屑或形成紧贴鱼体或鳍的团块。
In this circumstance, there’s still likely a problem to deal with because, unless the fish just happens to be a naturally slimy species, something is causing the excessive mucus production to begin with. Of course, various diseases can cause this symptom, but so can a wide range of water-quality issues. Obviously, treating for disease when the problem is out-of-whack water parameters won’t do your fish any good.
“Net damage”
Many years back, I purchased a small group of green chromis (Chromis viridis) only to have them die one after another in quarantine. The dead specimens exhibited a linear bruise across the body posterior to the dorsal fin that looked suspiciously like net damage. Aha, I thought to myself, these must have succumbed to rough handling inflicted at some point in the supply chain. But with the benefit of having read and edited Jay Hemdal’s The Salt Smart Guide to Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Disease of Marine Fishes, I can now be fairly confident those “bruises” on the chromis had nothing to do with being netted. Instead, they were likely one of the characteristic symptoms of red-band syndrome, caused by the protozoanUronema marinum.
In the section of the book dedicated to red-band syndrome, Hemdal writes, “Almost universally, aquarists who do not have access to a microscope will identify this disease as a ‘secondary bacterial infection resulting from some injury.’ In fact, ‘capture damage’ is often cited as the original cause due to the often linear nature of the lesion, which looks much like a bruise from being hit with a net frame, for example. The rapid onset of the lesion (often many days after capture) and the fact that it develops internally and then erupts externally both point to another cause.”
A fish lying on its side
It would seem to be a safe bet that a fish lying flat on its side is in pretty bad shape—either on its last legs (fins?) or already “checked out.” But sometimes a fish in this orientation is still alive and well but “playing possum” for some reason.
我已经在各种触发鱼类中看到了这一点，通常是当它们新介绍给系统或储罐中包含最小的岩石时。也许这种行为是一种压力反应，或者是在他们无法像自然界那样陷入岩石缝隙时保持低调的努力。但是，无论动力如何，都可以在等待头发等待，看看标本是否最终会出现。
What’s the takeaway?
我的观点不是要轻描淡写令人担忧的症状，或者阻止业余爱好者及时反应鱼类疾病。相反，我只是强调接受right行动方案- 甚至必须采取任何行动 - 与迅速治疗一样重要。这取决于根据所有可用事实做出最佳诊断。
