太平洋温暖的水域造成了数十种裸体物种的传统范围。加利福尼亚大学圣塔芭芭拉分校的海洋生物学家杰弗里·戈达德(Jeffrey Goddard)说,这可能表明该地区发生了重大气候变化的开始。
在2014年,他的团队追踪了美国海岸沿线30种裸体的目击事件,当时东太平洋的很大一部分异常温暖 - 这种现象被称为“斑点”。
Nine of these species (Placida Cremoniana,,,,Trapania velox,,,,Doriopsilla Fulva,,,,Janolus Anulatus,,,,j。barbarensis,,,,Flabellina Cooperi,,,,染色体染色体,,,,一种。奥利维亚,,,,andNoumeaella rubrofasciata)从最北端的地区记录,其余的则在北部范围内或附近发现。
最值得注意的是明亮的粉红色Okenia酒渣鼻(Hokpins Rose)通常居住在旧金山南部,但北部至俄勒冈州的裸udibranch。最后观察到Okenia酒渣鼻in Oregon was a single specimen found during the 1997-98 El Niño, however in 2015 this pink nudibranch reached high densities and was observed spawning throughout northern California and into southern Oregon.
裸体s are excellent indicators of shifts in ocean temperatures and currents, Goddard says. They have long-lived planktonic larvae that are easily transported by currents, but fast-growing and short-lived adults. So when you see adults in a new place, you know they arrived recently.
他说:“就像他们在挥舞着小信号旗,说'嘿,我们只是从南加州到达这里’。
Goddard认为至少有些人会由于d, and even move further north during the strong El Niño, which drives powerful northward currents along the coast. “If the nudibranchs get into those currents they can go for a real ride,” he says – and he has already received “remarkable” reports from as far north as Vancouver Island.[新科学家]