In May of this year,我问2010年是否是一年that the marine aquarium hobby shifted to breeding. By September of this year, I felt we already had our answer since this has indeed been one of the best years in recent history for marine fish breeders. The achievements of this year also send a big message to critical and skeptical observers of our community that we care about our reefs and we’re working to preserve them. The marine aquarium hobby is also working to be the ark for the marine life we cherish, by virtue of learning to captively propagate as many species as we can. We can only hope to see that momentum build in 2011. After scouring the internet and Reef Builders archives, here’s an in-depth look at the marine breeder’s highlights for 2010!
也许最有说服力的迹象表明，2010年的爱好心态始于一月establishment of Green Marine, the first exclusivelycaptive-raised/captive-bred marine retail establishmentin the country, if not the world. Søren Hansen of Sea & Reef Aquaculture kicked off my Reef Builders contributions with the news oflarge funding procurements for aquaculture R&D。。。something that rarely occurs for ornamental fish producers. The marine breeding world在弗兰克·霍夫（Frank Hoff）失去了商业繁殖先驱，Instant Ocean Hatcheries和Florida Aqua Farms的创始人，以及Plankton Culture Manual和Conditioning, Spawning and Rearing of Fish With Emphasis on Marine Clownfish, who passed away in late January of this year. We saw the closing of one of the longest running commercial hatcheries, Reef Propagations Inc., withthe retirement of pioneering breeder Joe Lichtenbert。We also sawC问题放弃其热带位置(Puerto Rico) to set up a new facility in Wyoming, but not before releasing somecaptive bred Golden Damselfish。Rumors also bubbled up that long-silent producer, Frank Baensch of夏威夷的珊瑚礁文化技术将与圈养的育姑娘重新进入现场。就在几周前，总部位于田纳西州的可持续水上运动released new clownfish variants, including 2 new varieties never before produced. Another long-silent commercial hatchery, Proaquatix, truly reentered the ornamental market this year, most notably with the first releases of captive bred Lookdowns,Selen volmer(first reported here on Reef Builders，更多深度文章在即将于2011年1月/2月版的《珊瑚杂志》中！）。
我们还看到了持续的困惑的例子，这些混乱环绕着“圈养的繁殖”与“坦克施加”的谣言，有传言说proaquatix的look望不是俘虏的繁殖（它们是CB），同时释放“captive-bred” Pinnatus Batfishmight actually be an example of “tank raised” fish being mismarketed somewhere in the supply chain – the jury is still out, but it’s looking like the Pinnatus are probably tank-raised. Confusion like this hadn’t really been an issue in the past few years as supplies of wild-sourced tank-raised fish had subsided (and so had the misinformation that there were captive-bred Hepatus Tangs freely available). With Sustainable Aquatic’s big push into the market with their tank-raised Sustainable Island brand of fish, we can expect hobbyists and suppliers to once again be confused over what captive-bred really is. At some levels of the supply chain, a distinction is not even made, with all captive-bred, pen-raised, tank-raised, and ocean-cultivated specimens being lumped together under general umbrellas like “aquacultured”, making it impossible to discern the differences.
毫无疑问，商业界年度最大的消息是ORA发布了俘虏的饲养普通话(Synchiropus splendidus和S. picturatus）。设计师小丑鱼爱好者也不会被ORA失望，release of Domino and Midnight Clownfish varieties和瞥见Misbar Maroons @ Macnathat could be though thought of as “picasso-ish”. However, fish breeders who were paying attention didn’t miss that ORA also quietly announced successful propagation of a couple new Dottyback species (Pseudochromis elongatus和Ps. bitaeniatus）。我在2010年商业创新中排名第一的另一个选秀权完全落在里德·马里奇（Reed Marculture）的人们身上，他们改进并释放了他们的新的改进的冷冻浮游植物糊状for marine fish breeding as the RotiGrow System. While not “sexy” like a new fish species or variety, these feeds may affect fish breeding in 2011 and beyond in ways we cannot fully anticipate or appreciate just yet!
重要的是要注意,这些commercial producers would be in business if you weren’t buying, so bravo to those of you who realized you don’t *need* to have wild caught fish when there are captive-bred counterparts available. With the Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) remaining on the IUCN Red List as “endangered” since 2007, I’m happy to report that most hobbyist Banggai breeders report having virtually no problem meeting demand and selling their offspring for a very good price to their fellow hobbyists. With commercial producers continuing to somewhat avoid this species, and wild caught specimens continuing to be imported and sometimes dying in droves, this species remains the domain of the home hobbyist breeder. It seems hobbyists are willing to line up to get their hands on captive-bred Banggais.
Not surprisingly, we also have non-commercial breeders to thank for some advancements in captive propagation. In September, 2010, notable marine fish breeder and authorMatthew L. Wittenrich was selected as the MASNA 2010 Aquarist of the Year。While some incorrectly believe Wittenrich was the first to spawn and rear Mandarins (he wasn’t) it was his work producing them in such quantity that grabbed everyone’s attention. In my opinion, it is not this singular achievement, but rather a massive body of work including his 2007完整的插图海洋水族馆鱼类指南that earned him this long overdue recognition.
我很难想到2010年涉及鱼类时发生的任何“物种第一”。但是谁在乎我们何时Richard Ross @ Steinhart and the California Academy of Sciences breeding the Flamboyant Cuttlefish,Metasepia pfefferi呢（是的，有婴儿）。这并不是Steinhart唯一的创新，理查德·罗斯（Richard Ross）早些时候的报道犀牛的圈养产卵。蝎子鱼(making it to 15 days post hatch) as well as Matt Wandell’s report on the黑丝带鳗的圈养产卵。And talk about coming close, Atlantis Marine World’sTodd Gardner is continuing to push the envelop, getting captive-spawnedLiopropommaReef Basslets to 46 days post hatch呢We are all watching with optimism to see if 2011 brings us captive-bred Candy Basslets!
In my opinion, breeders suffered a setback this year with the ongoing problems @MOFIB（海洋观赏鱼和无脊椎动物育种者协会）。虽然我犹豫不决，甚至不愿意成为该组织的被罢免的创始人，但诚实而完整的报告要求我们分享失望和胜利。自从目前的BOD尚未发布会议记录以来August 2010 meeting, and shortly after the 2010 elections, the board scrapped plans for progress towards charitable / non-profit status. More recently,member pleas for information or even to volunteer seem to be met with relative silence。The quality of day-in-day-out operations seems to have hit an all time low and the level of poor and misinformation showing up continues to rise. It would seem that the only real thrust this year was to have a presence at MACNA, but of course, a MACNA booth isn’t what MOFIB is all about. While MOFIB’s status is sad, other organizational developments at the hobbyist and academic level have me looking forward with the knowledge that just like in fish breeding, you may fail many times before you get it right!
Marine breeders found new encouragement in the form of the海洋育种计划, or MBI, spearheaded by Chad Penney and Tal Sweet of MASM.Conceived in late 2009, this universal Breeder’s Award Program (BAP) for marine breeders of fish and invertebrates rolled out in 2010 and continues to grow and gather attention (including thisReef Hobbyist Magazine article on the MBI）。It brings the motivation of friendly competition to the pursuit of propagation, while also building a robust knowledge base of breeding data as part of the program requirements. The decentralized, universal BAP model brings breeding back to the local level, being a free program for every marine aquarium organization to join and participate in. The MBI/MASM also organized a possible “first of its kind”Marine Breeder’s Workshop in March, 2010在规划阶段,并扩大event for 2011. Given the relatively small but growing interest group, this niche-within-a-niche marine aquarium event may turn into something really special in the years ahead. Yes, in the interest of full disclosure, I do currently set on the MBI Council, and for anyone with the once-bitten, twice-shy mentality, the MBI leadership is a “benevolent dictatorship” model…no politics to worry about because we all know exactly who the bosses are!
Another non-commercial program, discussed at this year’s MACNA by Judy St. Leger, is海洋世界上升的潮汐保护计划。While this program is still in the infancy stages, Seaworld and other organizations are trying to once again bridge the gap between academic, commercial, and amateur breeders and fund projects in the realm of marine ornamental propagation. The goals and ideas have merit, and 2011 will hopefully show how this program comes together.
Still, day-in, day-out, hobbyist breeders continue to tread where the commercial breeders may not, or can not. We featured the work of Junkai Ong here on Reef Builders, being one of only a few people in the world who’ve ever产卵并饲养了卑鄙的麦卡洛奇·多蒂巴克（McCullochi Dottyback（Cypho purpurascens)。Of course, in browsing online, I’d be remiss if I didn’t point out other acheivements by hobbyist breeders. Instantly coming to mind is the breeding of two ultra-mean Dottyback species normally ignored by commercial propagators, the皇家dottyback（Pictichromis paccagnellae)和theDiadema Dottyback (P. diadema)，由Graham（Mofib上的GPSMART）。我还应该提到成功的艾米·德雷梅尔（午夜天使）的作品产卵幽灵丝本鳗首次于2009年9月，但此后选择从其他育种者的开源繁殖模型中撤退。当然，我们怎么不能提及周围的嗡嗡声Marcel Triessl的Albino Ocellaris起源?
Perhaps the most interesting development on the non-commercial front is the remarkably high quality captive-bred Latezonatus Clownfish (两亲雷雷·拉特斯) produced by renowned breeder Karen Brittain in Hawaii. We may remember the first captive-bred Latezonatus hitting the commercial scene in late December of 2009.
These fish from an undisclosed source in Australia were certainly exciting, but as things progressed, we learned while they were robust fish, they were virtually all misbars. While they entered the market at prices of over $300 each, the prices rapidly plummeted over the next several months and were seen as low as $120 each at times. This price drop represents two possibilities – simple economics of supply and demand, but also a likely reflection of the disappointment in a fish, also commonly known as the “Wide Band” Clownfish,lackingits namesake patterning! Well, admittedly I don’t know how she did it and I haven’t yet asked, butfully-barred captive bred Latezonatus clownfish from Karen Brittain became availablein the last month and are back at the nice high price of $300 each!
也许是一年中最奇怪的（或最超现实的）举动，该行业的商业方面通过其选择重申了其认为可持续性的重要性，以及它对业余爱好者一级的圈养育种对俘虏繁殖的信念。在几乎所有人惊讶的举动中，ustainably-collected SEASMART PNG Lightning Maroon Clownfish went not to the highest bidder, but to a breeder。并不是一个商业育种者，而是您的真正繁殖者，他们恰好是最坚定的反镇定倡导者之一（但这是一种狂野的形式，因此绝对属于保存伞）。虽然仍然对这一决定感到谦卑并感谢所有的支持，但更大的信息是，我们的爱好和行业不在短期内……如果是，Seasmart，Pacific Aqua Farms和Blue Zoo aquatics会看到这条鱼去出价最高的人，可能再也不会看到或听到。
如您所见，2010年是一年的海洋繁殖新闻。我什至无法开始想象2011年为我们所有人提供了什么。由于我认为海洋繁殖是我们业余爱好的“最终边界”，我期待着我根本无法跟上的那一年？2011年会是那一年吗？
