Moving away from the first majorcirrhilabrus进化群,我们探索了各种物种群,这些物种群体通过具有较大和更长的骨盆鳍而不同。这scottorum组是两个确认的物种的小型集团,其中一种是高度多色的范围,其潜力至少有一个隐性成员有可能分裂的责任。所有的小组成员都是太平洋和同种异体的。
这scottorum根据大小和颜色,很容易识别小组成员。这些是矮胖的,非常伯利cirrhilabruswith the potential to reach lengths of up to 15cm (6 inches). Their aggressive temperament and heavy build make them suitable candidates for larger aquaria. While generally rather beautiful, their colors are some of the most challenging to maintain in captivity. Amongst the fairy wrasses,cirrhilabrus scottorum可能是水族馆引起的颜色损失的最容易发生的,尽管触发了这一点以及如何预防它的理解很少。
这phylogenetic grouping for thescottorumclade is rather straightforward. Like thebathyphilusgroup,cirrhilabrus scottorumforms a cladistic pair with a closely allied phenotype with an isolated range.cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatusappears to be the only relative, and it is identical in meristics and shares a very similar overall appearance.
cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatusis one of the pioneering members of its genus, being the tenth member described in 1978. A decade later in 1988,cirrhilabrus scottorum从塔希提岛描述,并加入该属为二十三成员。没有其他cirrhilabrusare currently closely allied to these two, but should the Coral Sea variant ofC. Scottorum认股权证分裂,该小组将增加到三个成员而不是当前两个成员。
这scottorum小组相当谦虚,但很有趣,因为它是一个成员具有形成混合动力的倾向的成员,在本文中,我们重新审视了这种很少遇到的现象cirrhilabrus属。
男性scottorum小组很容易诊断。在所有物种中,基础颜色为杉木绿色。有时它们会以钢蓝色的蓝色为单位,尤其是在身体的鼻子和前部附近。他们的尾巴宽阔且菱形较弱,通常是从中央射线中划出的单细丝。男性scottorumgroup possess a vestigial blue stripe along the posterior segment of the lateral line, which can be heavily obfuscated in certain specimens. Careful observation reveals black speckling along the body, which might be homologous to that seen in members of the蓝绿色group. Another trait that links thescottorum小组与the蓝绿色组是沿背鳍的波浪线,尤其是在后软段。这仅在标本中具有厚实的黑色背缘的标本,尤其是在C. melanomarginatus。
这pelvic fins of thescottorum小组的长度和锥度较长,但从未像teminckii进化枝。但是,它们绝对比C. Laboutei和thejordani进化枝。这些进化枝共同代表了该属的四个主要骨盆鳍形状。已经完成了第一个带有小骨盆鳍的主要通用进化枝,scottorumgroup is the first of three to possess relatively longer pelvic fins.
少年是梅洛(Merlot)的丰富波尔多(Bordeaux),覆盖在钢铁般的蓝蓝色中。一系列非常细的条纹水平运行,与小的白色斑点交织在一起。尾花梗上有一个黑点。雌性失去栗色的阴影,并采用特征性的Fir绿色身体色素,随着成熟的成熟,它们的突出性会增加。少年和女性cirrhilabrus scottorum和C. melanomarginatusare nearly indistinguishable in the field, but are easy to separate due to their allopatric distributions. The females ofcirrhilabrus蓝藻are vaguely similar, and again, this serves as a possible link between the two groups.
这scottorumclade
这scottorum进化枝包含两种表型,其中一种(类型物种)在整个太平洋地区延伸,而另一个则仅限于珊瑚海地区。后者暂定配音Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorum, and may potentially be separated based on consistency in its coloration as well as genetic divergence fromC. Scottorum。这two forms are mutually exclusive and do not overlap.
As you may have noticed by now, the Coral Sea region is rather prone to endemism, with a handful of endemic species spanning various genera.cirrhilabrusis represented by a few endemics, namelyC. lineatus和C. Squirei。C. Laboutei和C. bathyphilus,尽管在同一区域发现,但也延伸到相邻的瓦努阿图。Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorumis chiefly restricted to the Coral Sea and Australian region. There is a possibility that the Coral Sea endemics stray to New Caledonia and Vanuatu (at least, in part). The range ofcirrhilabrus浴clearly supports this. This of course, is purely hypothetical, seeing as neithercirrhilabruslineatusnorC. Squirei在其受限范围之外发现了(尚未发现)。
Another thought provoking question is where the line of separation exists between the New Guinea and Solomon Islands endemics vs. the Coral Sea region.Cirrhilabrus Beauperryi跨越两个区域,一个相当困惑的区域重叠。
Bothscottorumphenotypes can be differentiated based on a few minor differences in color, but because they are so highly variable, the most effective means of separation still rests on the provision of their geographical range. The females are rarely encountered in the trade, and are identical in appearance.
cirrhilabrus scottorum
cirrhilabrus scottorumis the dictionary definition of variable, and the males are highly polychromatic with innumerable variants. This species runs the gamut of color forms, but it can be identified with relative ease, regardless. In this veritable kaleidoscope, males are fir green basally, fading to a darker central region before lightening again posteriorly. The ventral portions are also lighter, often in pale chalk to bright yellow. The head and dorsum is often tinted in a steely blue wash, sometimes accented in cyan or turquoise. A large red blotch is present centrally, which varies in size, intensity and clarity. In some specimens, the red blotch is separated from the green basal coloration by clearly defined margins. In others, it bleeds profusely, marring the underlying color in a red suffusion. It’s also not uncommon for the red spot to be entirely absent as well.
背鳍是麦芽黄色的,淡绿色,橙色,再次以短暂的可变黑色边缘装饰。从完全不存在,到遗迹到沿背鳍的外部限制,这范围很少。有时,个人的黑色边缘会沿着背鳍的长度在中途水平地传播,而不是脱颖而出。在具有非常黑色的背鳍的个体中,可以在侧视中看到迷宫的波浪形弯曲。在标本中,这是非常不引人注目的,或者没有浅色背鳍。
这anal fin, as with the dorsal, is colored the same and decorated in the same black margin of variable intensity and position. It is, however, more consistently present and is very rarely absent, being at most vestigial. The pelvic fins are moderately long and very slightly trailing, being characteristic to members of this clade. A blue stripe is often present along the posterior segment of the lateral line, near the caudal peduncle. This, however, is highly vestigial and in some specimens, appears to be totally absent.C. Scottorumhas a weakly rhomboidal caudal fin, and in very matured males, a filamentous thread may be present extending from the central ray. It is translucent yellow to red.
婚礼的着色和显示行为cirrhilabrus scottorumis poorly known. Based on those ofcirrhilabrusMelanomarginatus,鳍可能会减轻,横向带出现在前身体上。同样,水族基金会可能会发现自己可以通过记录其家庭水族馆中的婚礼展示来帮助我们进一步理解该物种。
C. Scottorumis widespread across the Pacific, and can be found in the American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji, the French Polynesia, Niue, Pitcairns, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu and Wallis & Funuta. Its westernmost limit is the Coral Sea, where it is replaced by the very similarCirrhilabrus cf.scottorum。就像前面提到的珊瑚海地区一样,斐济,汤加,萨摩亚和瓦利斯和Funuta是其他具有高道德的领域cirrhilabrus, and genetic study is needed to determine if a cryptic “species” ofC. Scottorumexists there.
这fish is common in the trade, and can be obtained from most importers that deal with fish from any of the above locations. Ironically, despite being so colorful and variable, this fish often fades to a sullen and ominous inky green in captivity, and quickly loses the beautiful red and yellow accents that it is so famed for.
C. Scottorum据报道,也比通常的好战cirrhilabrus。尽管尺寸较大,侵略性和无法保留着色,但它仍然是最受欢迎的cirrhilabrus和总是在,而高需求。标本摇来摇去m the Cook Islands are most beautiful and are highly coveted.
Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorum
Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorumis superficially very similar to the preceding species and also comes in a myriad of forms. This phenotype is often less colorful than the type species. InC. cf. scottorum通常的冷杉的基本颜色是绿色with teal accents. The ventral portion fades to a lighter shade, often yellow or orange. The body is always without a clearly defined red spot, but is occasionally marred in a red or orange haze. The median fins are much more erythric and are colored a rich cadmium orange.
这dorsal fin is edged in black, which is variable, ranging from being totally absent to highly copious. When present, however, it is usually thicker on the posterior edge, thinning out as it reaches the anterior. Superficially, the black margin forms a teardrop or comma shape on the dorsal fin. The anal fin is also thickly-coated in black and is less variable, being mostly present. The caudal fin is a nauseatingly rich vermilion and is weakly rhomboidal.
这orange pelvic fins are, as withC. Scottorum,中度长而略微落后。和cirrhilabrus scottorum,对于展示过程中的婚礼色彩或行为知之甚少。
Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorumis confined to the Australian region of the Coral Sea, specifically the Great Barrier Reef at depths as shallow as 6m (20ft). It is, of course, found deeper as well and is fond of rubble pans adjacent to reef drop offs.
Cirrhilabrus cf.scottorum在交易中很常见,而且价格合理。它比其姊妹物种不那么受欢迎,但具有相同的畜牧业,气质和无法保留其颜色。知道是否有人成功地保留了这些扭曲的丰富色彩光彩应该很有趣。这并不少见cirrhilabrusto lose a fair bit of color in captivity without the stimulation of females, but, withC. Scottorum, its transition into a more somber state is usually quick and fairly drastic.
cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatus
This is one of the largestcirrhilabrus,甚至竞争cirrhilabruslanceolatus。In this gargantuan member, the basal coloration is fir green, darkening toward the central portion in a deeper, mossy hue. The body is unmarked sans the vestigial lateral stripe, and is without the red coloration typical ofC. Scottorum。否则,它仍然相对纯净。肛门鳍的颜色为各种,从草莓粉红色到胭脂红,再到Cinnabar。它永远不会像黑色一样C. Scottorum。骨盆鳍相当长,锥形和绿色。尾鳍是物提的,比在C. Scottorum, and, in large males, it often terminates in a filamentous extension of thicker width than the preceding species.
这specific epithet “Melanomarginatus”意味着黑色边缘,这是非常始终如一地在背鳍的边缘翻译而来的。基础颜色是绿色的,后背侧经常出现红色。在背鳍上,弯曲的尖刻非常明显,在该物种中最有力地表示。
cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatus在其背鳍的起源之前,在其颈背上拥有异常的皮肤皮瓣。它似乎仅在完全终端的男性中存在,并且在求爱期间可以像背鳍一样架设。cirrhilabrus scottorumoccasionally has very small vestigial remnants of this eversible skin flap, but is never as obvious as with this species.
这nuptial coloration ofcirrhilabrusMelanomarginatusis well documented by underwater divers. In its courtship colors, the body intensifies to a deep army green, sans the periphery. A light transverse band appears just behind the pectoral fin, and an additional set of stripes appears behind the eye and cheek. The rest of the fins remain unchanged but are held erect as the fish maneuvers around prospective females.
cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatus西太平洋,尤其是南中国海,从日本,南到台湾和菲律宾,向西到越南。该物种与各种物种的同胞cirrhilabrus, but hybridizes with only one species, and that isCirrhiabrus exquisitus。
C. melanomarginatus该行业零星可用,但由于其繁琐的尺寸和笨拙的色彩,并不是很受欢迎。它经常从越南和菲律宾收集。
杂种
杂交中cirrhilabrusis rarely documented, and, unlike their promiscuous cousinsParacheilinus, very few examples exist. Thus far we have only visited this topic once, in theLunatus小组,哪里Cirrhilabrus cf.Lunatus和cirrhilabrusLunatuscan be seen producing hybrids with the “pintail” fairy wrasse.
在里面scottorum组,只有cirrhilabrusMelanomarginatushas been documented to hybridize withC.大型。It’s unusual that this hybrid has only been documented in Japan, considering the wide occupancy of the latter throughout much ofC. melanomarginatus’ range.cirrhilabrus优势should be just as likely to create a hybrid withC. melanomarginatus, especially on the edges of the latter’s range where it is less abundant. The fascinating story ofcirrhilabrus优势will be reserved for an article in its own entirety.
值得注意的是cirrhilabrus scottorum,非常亲密的亲戚C. melanomarginatus,重叠C.大型throughout its range, but no hybrids of the two have been documented. It can be argued that the lack of evidence supporting hybridization can be attributed to the relatively unexplored regions by field photographers, but, conversely, the same region experiences rather frequent collection, way more than that in Japan whereC. melanomarginatusXC.大型is documented.
这hybrid above shows a fish with a fascinating mélange from both parental phenotypes. In both species, the ground coloration is green, so a rather uniform shade of the same hue is to be expected. What is immediately apparent, however, is the double-emarginated tail ofC.大型peeking through, coupled with the banding and spotting on the anal fin (two traits that are absent inC. melanomarginatus). The heavily blackened dorsal fin also suggests genetic input fromC. melanomarginatus,虽然C.大型shows regional variants with a black dorsal fin, it is never complete or so extensive.
This is some of the strongest evidence supporting the closeness of thescottorum小组与cirrhilabrus优势(它具有众多的岛屿变体,它本身形成了一个复杂)。我们还看到了cyanopleura小组与成员紧密地联系scottorum组,女性着色和男性的次要特征的相似之处。
In conclusion, thescottorum群体表面上很无聊,成员很少,但是可变的可变和区域多色调。cirrhilabrus scottorum尽管如此,令人着迷和好奇。从珊瑚海和美拉尼西亚地区的一个神秘成员可能的认可也很令人兴奋,并且能力的能力C. melanomarginatusto hybridize withC.大型is a rare phenomenon that very few othercirrhilabrusget to enjoy. Thescottorumgroup foreshadows similar traits seen in thecyanopleura和优势groups and is a good opener for the discussion of the second majorcirrhilabrus进化枝。